stem cells :: essays research papers

The history of research on adult composition cells began about 40 years ago. In the 1960s, researchers discovered that the bone plaza contains at least two kinds of bag cells. One population, called hematopoietic curtain call cells, forms all the types of blood cells in the body.A second population, called bone bosom stromal cells was discovered a few years later. Stromal cells atomic number 18 a complicated cell population that generates bone, cartilage, fat, and fibrous connective create from raw material. Also in the 1960s, scientists who were study rats discovered two regions of the brain that contained dividing cells, which become nerve cells. Despite these reports, most(prenominal) scientists believed that new nerve cells could non be generated in the adult brain. It was not until the 1990s that scientists agreed that the adult brain does contain bowing cells that atomic number 18 able to generate the brains three major cell types astrocytes (star shaped neurolog ical cell) and oligodendrocytes, which be non-neuronal cells, and neurons or nerve cells.ABOUT ADULT/EMBRYONIC block CELLS AND DIFFERENCESAdult Stem cells are thought to reside in a specific area of each tissue where they may remain (non-dividing) for many a(prenominal) years until they are activated by disease or tissue injury. The adult tissues reported to contain husk cells include brain, bone marrow, peripheral blood, blood vessels, skeletal muscle, skin and liver.Human embryonic and adult stem cells each have advantages and disadvantages regarding potential use for cell-based regenerative therapies. Of course, adult and embryonic stem cells differ in the number and type of differentiated cells types they can become. embryonic stem cells can become all cell types of the body because they are pluripotent(single cell becoming many different cell types). Adult stem cells are generally limited to differentiating into different cell types of their tissue of tooth rootLarge numb ers of embryonic stem cells can be comparatively easily grown in socialisation, while adult stem cells are rare in mature tissues and methods for expanding their numbers in cell culture have not yet been worked out.