Phases of Crafting and Executing a Business Strategy Free Essay Example, 2750 words

There exist five main phases of crafting and executing a business strategy. This is the vision of where the business desires to be and to have achieved within a given period of time. It also includes the figuring out of the key issues of the business including the products, technology levels, the market and also the customers in the market (White, 2012). The business needs to strategize on the future of the business in terms of having a clear outlook of the expectation of the level of product development and diversity that the business needs to have achieved within the set period of time of the strategy. It includes the decision on whether the company plans on operating within the same market and serving the same customers in a given period of time. This a managerial consideration within the business, where the management of the business needs to provide the direction of the company, both in the long term and in the short term period. It should also include the decision of the appro priate and specific actions that the management will take to ensure that the company achieves this aspiration within the set time frame. We will write a custom essay sample on Phases of Crafting and Executing a Business Strategy or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now This aspect needs to communicate to the stakeholders of the company concerning the commitment of the company towards its success (Verbeke, 2013). The objectives of the company should communicate to the stakeholders the desires of the company in relation to the success of the company. The objectives of the strategy should provide clarity on the type of performance level that the business desires to achieve and also the timeframe of achieving those objectives (Armstrong et al, 2014). The financial aspects involved in this consideration can also have inclusion at this stage of making the business strategy. As such, setting the objectives of the business has the requirement of the making of both the strategic objectives that the business needs to achieve and also the financial objectives. This will forth a balanced type of business strategy, a factor that will ensure the success of the company.

Psych Analysis of the Movie Blow - 2057 Words

The movie Blow is the story of George Jung, the man who established the American cocaine market in the 1970s. The film starts with George as a child, showing what his childhood was like and what his relationship with his parents was like. As it progresses George grows up and moves to California. While there he become caught up in the marijuana scene and eventually starts selling it for money. George expands his market and eventually becomes very wealthy. But, George becomes too complacent and gets caught by the police and sentenced to prison. While there he meets and makes friends with Diego Delgado and learns about the drug Cocaine. Together they find a way to traffic it into the United States and again George becomes extremely wealthy.†¦show more content†¦Drug tolerance is when increasing amounts of the drug are needed to gain the original, desired effect. This means that as a user continues to take a drug the desired effects lessen with the same dosage used over and over again because they are slowly building up a tolerance to the drug and its effects. But, if the user increases the dosage over time, they will be able to achieve that desired effect that they are looking for and in turn become more and more tolerant to the drug. George exemplifies this trait very well when he is in the delivery room and his wife is having their child. Before rushing his wife to the hospital George is shown taking/accidently inhaling cocaine as he packs for the trip. Once at the hospital and in the delivery room George is seen standing in a corner watching his wife give birth. George is standing fairly rigid while his hand is shaking uncontrollably and he has a grin of sorts on his face. This is him reacting to the drug and at the moment a drug induced heart attack as well. When George recovers the doctor tells him what had happened. George recollects by saying, â€Å"The official toxicity limit for humans is between one and one and half grams of cocaine depending o n body weight. I was averaging five grams a day, maybe more. I snorted ten grams in ten minutes once. I guess I had a high tolerance.† This line in the movie shows how much of a toleranceShow MoreRelatedAnalysis on Conversation Features. Differenfes Between British and American English16034 Words   |  65 PagesIt usually takes place in an informal context. That is why contractions, double negation, and use of extended forms stated as incorrect by the prescriptive grammarians can be found. Also in this group would be included regional dialects. 2 ANALYSIS In this part we are going to analyze the two scripts we have chosen. We have counted and classified the conversational features. In order to support the results, some tables are included. Both texts have similar characteristics, so we have explainedRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesHRM 28 PART 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 THE LEGAL AND ETHICAL CONTEXT OF HRM Equal Employment Opportunity 56 Employee Rights and Discipline 84 PART 3 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 STAFFING THE ORGANIZATION Human Resource Planning and Job Analysis 110 Recruiting 132 Foundations of Selection 154 PART 4 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT Socializing, Orienting, and Developing Employees 182 Managing Careers 208 PART 5 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 MAINTAININGRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pageslooking at alternative actions that can be taken, then considering the probable good consequences of each action and the probable bad consequences while weighing the positive and negative impact of each consequence. It’s a kind of cost-benefit analysis. Exercises 1. Columbus Day is an American holiday. Write a short essay that weighs the pros and cons and then comes to a decision about whether there should be more or less public celebration (by Americans and their institutions) on Columbus

African Culture And Black Consciousness - 2201 Words

There have been many to write about the struggles, misfortunates and traditions of those who were enslaved. There have also been scholars who argued that upon their arrival, the enslaves came to North America as blank slates and were complete submissive to authority. In this ideology, many scholars believed enslaves traditions, customs, folk stories all derived or mimic European culture. This ideology also implies that those who were enslaved lacked any social or structural guidance, religious beliefs, values and heritage. While there are many examples of slave traditions and customs that have similar attributes of the Euro-American culture, there are many elements of their West African culture that remained authentic and in practice when slaves were shipped to North America. These same traditions gave them strength and courage to resistant their oppressor and challenge their current social environment. In Lawrence Levine, Black Culture and Black Consciousness, he provides example of blacks exemplifying agency over their current situation as well as how these customs and traditions where they derived from. This paper will discuss how those enslaved exercised agency through music, spirituality, and folk tales to excerpt their independence and challenge the agreement of the tabula rasa slave and docility within slavery. The use of song literature, dance and rhythm was just one of the many pieces of cultural elements enslaves brought over to the U.S. from West Africa. TheShow MoreRelatedThe African American Culture And Consciousness From The Short Lived Black Power Movement Essay1867 Words   |  8 Pageseffects on African American culture and consciousness from the short lived Black Power movement. The book was written by William L. Van Deburg. Van Deburg received his B.A. in history from Western Michigan University then continued on to attain his PH.D. in American History from Michigan State University. Some of his works include, The Slave Drivers: Black Agricultural Labor Supervisors in the Antebellum South, Slavery and Race in American Popular Culture, Black Camelot: African-American Culture HeroesRead MoreWeb Du Bois and Double Consciousness Essay936 Words   |  4 PagesB. Du Bois: Double-Consciousness Ashanti Johnson SOC101 Lestine Shedrick October 18, 2011 W.E.B. Du Bois (1968-1963) was a huge contributor to sociology through the eyes and experience of an African-American scholar (Vissing, 2011). Du Bois was an author, activist and student of Black sociology. In his 1897 article, Strivings of the Negro People†, Du Bois introduced the term â€Å"double-consciousness†, a concept I believe to be just as relevant in today’s African-American communitiesRead MoreThe Souls Of Black Folk By William E. B. Dubois1066 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Souls of Black Folk† was written in 1903 by William E. B. Dubois (4). Dubois was an activist for civil rights and an author of many pieces regarding the lifestyle, struggle and historic patterns of African Americans (4). Though Dubois was born after the abolition of slavery, he knew the prospects of the African American struggle were most likely formed due to the conditions of black lives during slavery. Dubois was also an educator and advocate for educational op portunities in black communitiesRead MoreThe American Constitution : A Double Consciousness Concept1260 Words   |  6 Pagesfreedom of speech, religion, and freedom of fear. Do these principals and concepts apply to African Americans? Can African Americans carry their culture into the workplace? What do others think of the African American culture? These are all problems we face throughout our citizenship of being â€Å"FREE.† W.E.B Dubois created a double consciousness concept. This concept help explains the challenges many African Americans experience trying to find their true identity. It simply means you are constantlyRead MoreIdentity Crisis Among African Americans1618 Words   |  7 PagesKhyandria Celestine Professor Sandra Staton-Taiwo Identity Crisis amongst African Americans 17 November 2014 Abstract The question of self-identity has been commonly argued in field of the African American literature; with scholars such as Martin R. Delany and W.E.B Du Bois argue about the emphasis on race and racial consciousness. Together Du Bois and Delaney stress the importance of the color line, or the racial segregation in the United States, as a critical part of American history; nonethelessRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance1209 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The Harlem Renaissance represents the rebirth and flowering of African-American culture. Although the Harlem Renaissance was concentrated in the Harlem district of New York City, its legacy reverberated throughout the United States and even abroad, to regions with large numbers of former slaves or blacks needing to construct ethnic identities amid a dominant white culture. The primary means of cultural expression during the Harlem Renaissance were literature and poetry, although visual art, dramaRead MoreEssay about Harlem Renaissance Poets: Countee Cullen and Langston Hughes1142 Words   |  5 PagesRight after the World War I, the majority of African Americans moved from South to the North of the United States. New economic and artistic opportunities led them to create and identify themselves in their own culture and heritage. This movement is well-known as the Harlem renaissance. It was accompanied by new lifestyle, music styles, and plenty of talented writers. This paper discusses two poems from this period: Heritage, written by Countee Cullen, and The Weary Blues, written by LangstonRead MoreThe Three Cs ( Christianity, Commerce And Civilization1172 Words   |  5 Pagesrepatriation movement of African descendants from the Americas that they were looking for the â€Å"Black Nationality† by establishing an American colony in Africa. DuBois’ notion of double consciousness shed light on their dilemma in relation to Africa and Africans. The notion presents how the African Americans are perceived by the white Americans in the American society where the majority are whites. The difficulties experienced by returnees from the West regarding reintegration into African societies were theRead MoreDu Bois : An Important American Thinker1744 Words   |  7 Pagesa humanity that encouraged the well being of all its members, not singling out the whites, blacks, or anyone else for that manner. He later on in life came to consider that the economic condition of colored individuals was just one of the key factors for the oppression, and that a more reasonable supply of wealth, was the solution for this situation they were stuck in. In Du Bois’ excerpt â€Å"The Souls of Black Folk† he makes the philosophical concept known about the nature of colored people and theRead MoreThe Double Consciousness Of African Americans905 Words   |  4 PagesThe Double Consciousness of African-Americans Envision that you live in a place where you feel like you belong there, but because on the outside you look different the majority resents you. The Souls of Black Folks by W.E.B. Du Bois written in 1903 consists of a collection of short essays that convey the important aspects of African-American history. Throughout the novel there are two main themes. One is that African-American’s lived and experienced moments from behind a veil, and the other is

Sam Houston Bibliography Texas Government - 1569 Words

Sam Houston Bibliography: Texas Government Many books have been written about the famous Texan Samuel Houston, better known as just Sam Houston. He was born on March 2nd 1793, just outside of Lexington, Virginia to his father, Samuel Houston, who was a veteran of the Revolutionary war, and his mother, Elizabeth Paxton. Sam had four older brothers and when he was three his brother William was born, James (1929). A year after that the first girl in his family was born named Mary. Mary was Sam’s favorite. Sam’s father, then Major Sam Houston, died when he was thirteen years old and less than a year later his mother moved the family to Tennessee. When Sam was fifteen years old in 1809 he ran away from home because his older brothers were forcing him to work in the family owned store in Maryville, James (1929), and spent three years living amongst the Cherokee Indians who adopted him and dubbed him Colonneh, which translates to â€Å"the Raven†. After his experience w ith the Indians Houston retained a consistent empathetic view toward Indians. After war erupted between the Americans and the British, Houston joined the United States Army in 1813 as a twenty year old private. His mother’s response according to DeBruhl, (1993), â€Å"There, my son, take this musket and never disgrace it: for remember, I had rather all my sons should fill one honorable grave, than that one of them should turn his back to save his life. Go, and remember, too, that while the door of my cottage is open to braveShow MoreRelatedEssay on Cultural Difference between Mexicans and Americans3012 Words   |  13 PagesAmericans While Texas leader Stephen Austin initially had no contempt toward Mexicans, the Anglo-American citizens in the area did. The American Texans of the 1800’s defined Mexicans as â€Å"a race alien to everything that Americans held dear† (De Leon 4). This sentiment would serve as the primary catalyst to the Texas secession from Mexico. 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Essay College Athletes Should Be Paid - 1461 Words

A question that has been rising to the surface lately is â€Å"should college athletes be paid a salary?† One cannot get on the internet now a day and not see some kind of college sport headline. The world of college sports has been changed greatly the past decade due to college athletes. These athletes make insurmountable amounts of money and an unbelievable amount of recognition for the universities. The athletes that provide and make a ton of revenue for the colleges also spend a huge amount of their time practicing and staying committed to sports, and have to maintain good grades in school which requires quite a bit of overtime. Because college athletes generate massive amounts of revenue and put in massive amounts of personal time for†¦show more content†¦Horace Mitchell, President of California State University-Bakersfield, NCAA Division I Board of Directors states â€Å"Head football coaches at the 44 NCAA Bowl Championship Series schools received on aver age $2.1 million in salaries. The highest paid public employee in 40 of the 50 U.S. states is the state universitys head football or basketball coach. At the University of Alabama, the head football coach, Nick Saban, recently signed a contract paying him $7 million per year -- more than 160 times the average wage of a Tuscaloosa public school teacher.† The amount of pay and benefits that the coaches and universities receive because of the players is so substantial and just plain unfair. The players put the coaches on the radar and make great amounts of endorsement deals while the players themselves still struggle to get through college with hardly any money to spend. People say that college is a lot of work; just imagine having to commit time to a sport in college as well. College athletes should be rewarded for all the overtime they have to do to make up school work. College athletes have to spend a crazy amount of time being committed to a sport. They have to do team wo rkouts, practice for so many hours per day, and then there are still games on top of all the hours put in. College athletes spend from thirty to forty hours per week on just sports alone. Even when the sport that the athleteShow MoreRelatedShould College Athletes Be Paid?1289 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the years college sports have been about the love of the game, filled with adrenaline moments. 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While most players who play in college sports are under a scholarship, that pays for the college tuition, books, and housingRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1578 Words   |  7 PagesAshay Mehta Nou Per 8 Should College Athletes Be Paid? One of the hottest debates in the sports industry is if college athletes should be paid. If you want to pay these athletes, how would the college determine the dollar amount that should be paid? Should the basketball team make more than the football team? Should the the soccer team be paid as well? Cheerleading? Chess team? Should everyone on the team get a salary? What if your college is good at football and your basketball team is awfulRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1398 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieve that college athletes at the highest performing schools are better treated than others. Although they do not get paid, they do receive some benefits for being athletes that other students would not get. One advantage for playing a sport is access to scholarships that some schools reserve for their athletes. Depending on the school and the athlete’s performance, money towards tuition is often given. Only some schools are willing to grant â€Å"full-ride† scholar ships for certain athletes. AccordingRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1364 Words   |  6 PagesHave you paid attention to all of the news that has been surfacing about collegiate sports lately? It is a big topic now days in the world of sports on weather college athletes should be getting paid to play sports. College athletics have gained great popularity of the past few decades, and have brought schools lots of revenue. A lot of college athletes think they should be getting paid for their services they do for their school. 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Monetarily speaking, this increased publicity has been extremely beneficial for National Athletic Association (NCAA) and all the colleges involved in athletics which has sparked the dispute of whether or not the athlete should be paid for their hard work and dedication on the field and to their school or if the athletic scholarship is more than enough. College athletesRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Not Be Paid1558 Words   |  7 Pagesstudent-athletes participate in a variety of different sports, and currently they do not receive paychecks for their performances. College athletics have attained an extensive popularity increase among Americans over the past few decades. This has resulted into increased revenues for the National Collegiate Athletic Association [NCAA] and the participating colleges, which has fuelled the debate of whether or not college athletes should colle ct an income. College athletes should not be paid to playRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid? Essay1739 Words   |  7 PagesShould College Athletes Be Paid to Play? The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) governs all laws regarding college sports under the Division I, Division II, and Division III conferences. Its sole purpose is to protect student-athletes on and off the field, and regulate all games and scholarships affiliated with the students. Right now there are 1,121 colleges and universities under the NCAA (NCAA, n.d.), leaving a chunk of schools out—those who do not participate in Division I, II,Read MoreCollege Athletes Should Be Paid1254 Words   |  6 PagesSome college athletic departments are as wealthy as professional sports teams. The NCAA has an average annual revenue of $10.6 billion dollars. College athletes should be paid because of the amount of revenue that they bring to their college. Each individual college should pay its athletes based on how much revenue they bring to the college in which they attend. The colleges that win their Division title, their Conference title, or the National championship, give bonuses to the Head coach of that

Charles De Secondat, Baron De La Brede Et De Montesquieu Was Born In 1 Essay Example For Students

Charles De Secondat, Baron De La Brede Et De Montesquieu Was Born In 1 Essay 689 to a French noble family. His family tree could be traced 350 years, which in his view made its name neither good nor bad. (The Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, p. 68) Montesquieus views started to be shaped at a very early age. A beggar was chosen to be his godfather to remind him of his obligations to the poor. Montesquieus education started at the age of 11 when he was sent to Juilly, a school maintained by the Congregation of the Oratory. From 1705 to 1709 he studied law in Bordeaux. From 1705 to 1709 he was a legal apprentice in Paris. There he came to know some of the most advanced thinkers of his time: Fredet, the Abbe Lama, and Boulainvilliers.(Ibid.). In 1716 Montesquieu got a seat of president a mortier in the parlement of Guyenne from his deceased uncle. Even though he did not like his job he believed parliaments were necessary to control the monarchs. In 1721 Montesquieu published the Persian Letters, which he began working on while studying in Bordeaux. The book was a success. In the Persian Letters Montesquieu showed how relative all of the French values were. Even though the technique used in this witty book was previously used by other writers, Montesquieu did a great job making fun of the European values. At that time he already believed in the immorality of European practices such as religious prosecution. The book gave roots for Montesquieus later arguments and ideas. When in 1728 Montesquieu, with the help of his Parisian connections he got elected to the French Academy, he was happy to sell his office of president a mortier. In the course of the next three years he traveled all over Europe, visiting Germany, Hungary, England, Holland, Austria, and Italy. It is not surprising that out of his European tour the country which had the greatest impact on his later work (just like it did on Voltaires) was England. During his stay there he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society. After he returned to France the second portion of his carrier had began. He became a full time writer, traveling between his La Brede estate and Paris. It is during this period that the Considerations on the Causes of the Greatness of the Romans and Their Decline and the Spirit of Laws were written. In the Considerations Montesquieu used Roman history to prove some of his ideas about reasons for the rise and the fall of civilizations. His most important point was that history is made by causes and effects, by events influenced by man, and not by luck. His ideas are summarized in this passage:I is not fortune that rules the world . . .The Romans had a series of consecutive successes when their government followed one policy, and an unbroken set of reverses when it adopted another. There are general causes, whether moral or physical, which act upon every monarchy, which create, maintain, or ruin it. All accidents are subject to these causes, and if the chance loss of a battle, that is to say, a particular cause, ruins a state, there is a general cause that created the situation whereby this state could perish by the loss of a single battle. (1734, chapter 18)Montesquieu disliked democracy. In the Considerations he argued that in a democratic society conflicts were essential becaus e various groups would argue for their own interest. He believed that the division of the Roman empire was caused by two many freedoms. On the other hand he also opposed a system where social classes oppress other classes without resistance. .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 , .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 .postImageUrl , .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 , .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1:hover , .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1:visited , .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1:active { border:0!important; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1:active , .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1 .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufcea16578fd79291b05d05716fb992f1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Argumentative Essay About TechnologyAfter 20 years of work Montesquieu published his most complete book, The Spirit of Laws. In this comparison of different government types, Montesquieu used his views on human nature to explain human actions and passions and predict the most effective government. According to his ideas human passions such as hunger for power, jealousy, and hate made men seek absolute rule, and passions like want of freedom, and hate of oppression lead the suppressed classes to over though the government. In the Spirit of Laws Montesquieu tries to develop an effective government that will keep the country united. It is impossible to describe this book in t his report by I will state a few main points. Montesquieu believed that the most effective and modern type of government is a monarchy. By monarchy he meant a ruler governing the nation, with the nobility, the clergy and parliament controlling his actions. He believed the weak should be protected from the powerful by laws and a separation of powers. He felt that the nobility and an monarch had to both be present and could not succeed one without the other. Montesquieu stated that it was important to understand that even members of one class are not exactly alike, but are somewhat alike. In the Spirit of Laws he reefers to the importance of teaching citizens why laws are a certain way and why they are necessary. Montesquieu believed religion was aslo helpfull to control a country. He made it a tool used by the rulers to keep the citizens loyal. In general, in the Spirit of Laws, Montesquieus model governments did not exactly duplicate any existing ones. On the other hand they were the guidelines for the governments of his day, as well as ones of our time. His ideas help us to understand the Enlightenment, as well as the Middle Ages. It is safe to say that his ideas will never die and his gift to the world will always be remembered. Montesquieu can easily be considered a model Enlightment figure. His ideas produce a mild paradox. He wanted change for the better without crushing the current government. He wanted to educate the people of a country, but was not a radical, and therefore didnt include the peasants. He respected reason, and used it to help the mankind by creating an idle society. He critisised religion, and yet had faith in God. As a whole he tried to improve things without turning the world upside down. He was the model figure for the steady advancement of the human civilization. BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Hollier, Denis , A New History of French Literature, Harvard University Press, Cambridge Massachusetts, 1989. 2. The Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, p. 467-476. 3. Loy, John Robert, Montesquieu, New York, Twayne Publishers, 1968. 4. A History of World Societies volume II, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, p. 669-679. 5. Robert Shedlock, Lessons on World History, 1980, p. 38a-38c.

The Old Man at the Bridge free essay sample

The book I have read Ive recently read a book, which has made a very deep impression on me. It is named Gone with the Wind The author of the book is Margaret Mitchell. She was born in Atlanta, Georgia, in a family of the president of the Atlanta Historical Society. All the family was interested in American history and she grew up in an atmosphere of stones about the Civil War. After graduating from the college Margaret Mitchell worked for a time for the Atlanta Journal. In 1925 she got married. In the following ten years she put on paper all the stories she had heard about the Civil War. The result was Gone with the Wind. It was first published in 1936 and became the talking point of all America. In 1939 the book was made into a highly successful film. Vivien Leigh and Clark Gable played the leading roles. Vivien Leigh won the Oscar. Everyone loved her high-spirited and beautiful heroine, Scarlett OHara. The story is set around the time of the American Civil War (1861-1865), when the Southern states went to war with the North to defend their way of life. It was a way of life in which rich gentry lived in large houses and owned huge areas of land, cultivated by black slaves. Scarlett OHara was born in one of those rich houses. But Gone with the Wind is also about a love triangle. While Scarlett loves the quiet, gentlemanly Ashley Wilkes, the wild and decidedly ungentlemanly Rhett Butler is in love with her. Not so long ago, in 1991, a publishing company asked Alexandra Ripley, a historical novelist, to write the continuation of the story. Her novel Scarlett was not in the same class as the original. Critics have been writing very bad reviews of Scarlett but the book is popular with the public. Entertainment Nowadays everybody knows that people are very busy and don’t have much time to spare. Sometimes it’s only the weekend and I think that every day-off needs some special planning. The English say: Who knows how to work, knows how to rest. I think it’s true. In my view rest is as important as work. I prefer spending my free time with the people whose company I always enjoy. I also like to spend my spare time alone, when I’m tired and haven’t got any desire to talk to anybody, very often I want to get away from noisy streets and go to the countryside and change the scenery. On the other hand I may go to different entertainment centers such as cinema, theatre, concerts halls, etc. If you want to be strong and healthy, go in for sports. There are many sports clubs, swimming-pools, gymnasiums and sport grounds for everybody who loves sports. Sport will make you not only healthier and stronger, but kinder, more sociable, cheerful and even wiser. Sport will give you its strength and energy and you’ll become a greater admirer of life with all its problems and wonders. Travelling is also a good way to spend my spare time. Visiting new places, seeing sights and meeting new people is a very exciting and useful relaxation. I can go hiking. In summer I like to be outdoors from morning till night, sunbathing, walking barefoot on the grass. My family or my friends are the very people to go with to the riverbank, to the forest or to the seashore. Its really wonderful to put up a tent, make a fire and spend time in a picturesque place. People are dreamers, our dreams are different but each person chooses his own way of spending free time, either passive or active. In any case leisure should be refreshment and a source of inspiration. Education in Great Britain: Schools In Britain it is compulsory for everyone between the ages of 5 and 16 years to receive some officially recognized form of schooling, though most secondary schools continue to provide education until the age of 18. The vast majority of pupils attend state schools, which are absolutely free (including all text books and exercise books), but there are also about 500 private schools providing secondary education. The most famous of these schools are Eton and Harrow. There is no statutory age at which students change from primary to secondary school, nor are schools specialized — pupils choose from the numerous subjects taught in their particular school. The recently introduced National Curriculum has made it compulsory, however, for three core subjects — English, mathematics, and science — and seven other foundation subjects — technology (including design), history, geography, music, art, physical education, and a modern foreign language — to be included in the curricula of all pupils. Passage from one academic year to the next is automatic. After a two-year course, usually from 14 to 16 years of age, most pupils take their General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), assessed on the basis of a mixture of course work and a written examination, in individual subjects. Pupils obtaining at least five passes at GCSE can then specialize for two years (usually from 16 to 18 years of age) in two or three subjects, in which they take the General Certificate of Education Advanced level (A-level) examination. This is used as an entrance qualification for university (minimum two passes) and other types of higher education, as well as for many forms of professional training. Education in Great Britain: Higher Education (1) There is a considerable choice of post-school education in Britain. In addition to universities, there are also polytechnics and a series of different types of assisted colleges, such as colleges of technology, art, etc. , which tend to provide more work-orientated courses than universities. Virtually all students on full-time courses receive grants or loans from the Government which cover their tuition fees and everyday expenses (accommodation, food, books, etc. ). Universities in Britain enjoy complete academic freedom, choosing their own staff and deciding which students to admit, what and how to teach, and which degrees to award (first degrees are called Bachelor degrees). They are mainly government-funded, except for the totally independent University of Buckingham. There is no automatic admission to university, as there are only a limited number of places (around 100,000) available each year. Candidates are accepted on the basis of their A-level results. Virtually all degree courses are full-time and most last three years (medical and veterinary courses last five or six years). Students who obtain their Bachelor degree (graduates) can apply to take a further degree course, usually involving a mixture of exam courses and research. There are two different types of postgraduate courses — the Masters degree (MA or MSc) and higher degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD).